Research progress on heat resistance of Rhododendron germplasm resources(杜鹃花种质资源耐热性研究进展)

Abstract

China has the richest germplasm resources of Rhododendron, but most species thrive in high-altitude cool areas. Currently, only a limited number of these species are utilized in landscaping, and their summer performance is generally poor. With the exacerbation of the global greenhouse effect, it has become imperative to research on the heat response of Rhododendron germplasm resources, to screen for heat-tolerant germplasms, and to develop heat-tolerant cultivars. In this paper, we elucidated the heat response mechanisms of Rhododendron under heat stress from four aspects: initial response and heat signal transduction, gene expression and regulation, physiological metabolic adjustment, and morphological structural changes. Additionally, we reviewed the current research on heat resistance evaluation indicators and methods for Rhododendron, as well as strategies for improving heat resistance. Furthermore, we compiled a catalog of Rhododendron germplasm resources with heat resistance potential distributed in low-altitude warm areas worldwide. Finally, we provided a perspective on future research directions in the molecular mechanisms of heat resistance and the genetics of domestication, aiming to offer a reference for the study and breeding of heat-tolerant Rhododendron germplasm resources. . 中国具有最丰富的杜鹃花种质资源，但大部分生长在高山冷凉地区，目前在园林中应用的种类较少且越夏表现不佳。随着全球温室效应的加剧，开展杜鹃花种质资源热响应研究、筛选耐热种质资源、培育耐热品种已成为亟待解决的重要问题。本文从高温胁迫下杜鹃花初期响应及信号传导、基因表达与调控、生理代谢调节、形态结构变化4个方面揭示其热响应机制；综述杜鹃花耐热性评价指标与方法、提高杜鹃花耐热性的方法两方面的研究现状；整理出分布于国内外低海拔暖热地区且具有耐热潜力的杜鹃花种质资源名录，并对未来耐热分子机制和驯化遗传学研究进行展望，以期为杜鹃花种质资源耐热性研究和育种提供参考。

Keywords

• 杜鹃花(rhododendron)
• 耐热性(heat resistance)
• 高温胁迫(heat stress)
• 暖热地区(warm areas)
• 低海拔(low altitude)