The Effect of Tool Dimension, Tool Overhang and Cutting Parameters Towards Tool Vibration and Surface Roughness on Turning Process

Abstract

Turning process is the removal of metal from the outer diameter of a rotating cylindrical workpiece. Turning is used to reduce the diameter of the workpiece, usually to a specified dimension, and to produce a smooth finish on the metal. This research investigates the effect of feed rate, spindle speed, tool overhang and tool dimensions toward vibration amplitude and surface roughness on turning process. This study uses both statistical and graphical analysis of the data collected. The experimentation was carried out on conventional lathe machine with straight turning operation. Material used as workpiece was St.60 carbon steel which was turned with HSS tool bit with the dimension of 3/8 Inches and ½ Inches. Cutting parameters varied by spindle speed, feed rate, and tool overhang, while the depth of cut is maintained at a depth of 0.5 mm. The vibration data of cutting tool obtained from a transducer (vibrometer) mounted at a distance of 10 mm from the tip of the cutting tool during the cutting process takes place, whereas the surface roughness data obtained from measurements of surface roughness apparatus after turning process. The results showed that, The effect of feed rate, spindle speed, tool overhang, and tool dimension simultaneously towards vibration amplitude and surface roughness has a grater effects on the use of 3/8 inches cutting tool than ½ inches cutting tool. With the use of the same tool dimensions obtained that, The most influential parameters on the vibration amplitude is tool overhang while the most influential parameter on surface roughness value is feed rate.

Keywords

• Turning
• vibration
• surface roughness
• cutting tool