Thymic Carcinoid with Adrenocorticotropic Hormone-Producing Ectopic Cushing Syndrome and Empty Sella

Artak Labadzhyan, MD; Se-Min Kim, MD; Jane Rhyu, MD; Takako Araki, MD; Ali Mahtabifard, MD; Shlomo Melmed, MD

AACE Clinical Case Reports (Sep 2018)

Thymic Carcinoid with Adrenocorticotropic Hormone-Producing Ectopic Cushing Syndrome and Empty Sella

Artak Labadzhyan, MD,
Se-Min Kim, MD,
Jane Rhyu, MD,
Takako Araki, MD,
Ali Mahtabifard, MD,
Shlomo Melmed, MD

Affiliations

Artak Labadzhyan, MD: From the Pituitary Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; Address correspondence to Dr. Artak Labadzhyan, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 South San Vicente Boulevard, Suite A6600, Los Angeles, CA 90048.
Se-Min Kim, MD: From the Pituitary Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
Jane Rhyu, MD: From the Pituitary Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
Takako Araki, MD: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
Ali Mahtabifard, MD: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
Shlomo Melmed, MD: From the Pituitary Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 4, no. 5
pp. e375 – e378

Abstract

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ABSTRACT: Objective: Ectopic Cushing syndrome secondary to thymic carcinoid is a rare disorder that may be difficult to diagnose and manage.Methods: We describe a case of severe Cushing syndrome secondary to a large, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-producing thymic carcinoid in a patient with a history of primary hyperaldosteronism.Results: A 43-year-old female with a 20-year history of an aldosterone-secreting adrenocortical adenoma following a right adrenalectomy presented with acute onset of proximal muscle weakness, swelling, facial hirsutism, and severe hypokalemia. Ectopic Cushing syndrome was suspected based on the sudden symptom onset and markedly elevated 24-hour urine cortisol and ACTH levels. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an empty pituitary sella and a large (7.3 cm) mediastinal mass visible on chest computed tomography. The mass was resected by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, resulting in resolution of symptoms and cortisol levels. Pathology assessment confirmed well-differentiated thymic carcinoid with positive ACTH staining.Conclusion: This case highlights the clinical features, challenges in diagnostic work up, treatment modalities, and associated endocrine findings in a thymic carcinoid abutting the heart in a patient presenting with ectopic ACTH secretion.Abbreviations: ACTH = adrenocorticotropic hormone;EAS = ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone syndrome;MRI = magnetic resonance imaging;VATS = video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery

Published in AACE Clinical Case Reports

ISSN: 2376-0605 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: United States
LCC subjects: Medicine: Internal medicine: Specialties of internal medicine: Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology
Website: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/aace-clinical-case-reports

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