Comparative and Critical Analysis of the Occasion of Revelation for the Verse “Efk” (Falsehood) Using Historical Approach

Abstract

The issue of Efk which means falsehood and accusation has been stated by God in Surah an-Nur. Using comparative and critical analysis of arguments in the triplet theory and considering historical and exegetical resources, this study aims to achieve an accurate theory in this regard. Sunni commentators hold that this verse has been revealed as a tribute to Ayesheh, and a number of Shi’ite commentators have also agreed with them. Some other Shi’ite jurists believe that the verse is revealed as a tribute to Mariah Qebtiah, while some others attribute it to the chaste women. Relying on historical references and arguments, this study shows that the third theory is accepted and the verse has not been revealed for any of the Prophet’s wives. Unfortunately, many interpretations in this regard are under the influence of religious bias and political views so that some have attempted to abuse this verse for the sake of their own political intentions. Received: 2/5/2018 | Accepted: 5/9/2018

Keywords

• the verse efk (falsehood)
• history
• asbab al-nuzul (occasion of revelation)
• ayesheh
• mariah qebtiah