Items of Horse Equipment From Zuevsky Burial Ground of Ananyinо Culture of Cord Ceramics in Udmurtia

Abstract

The paper has been prepared in connection with the 120th anniversary of the Zuevsky burial ground. Zuevsky (Zuevy Kliuchi I) burial ground is one of the few large Ananyino necropolises in the cis-Kama region, which items are used in cultural and chronological schemes of the early Iron Age antiquities. At the same time, there is still no complete publication of the monument. The author analyzes a collection of items used as the horse equipment. Details of horse harness during the I millennium BC got significant changes. Its comparative study in different regions allows to make conclusions of the horseman culture on the Kama river, time and directions of contacts with early nomade societies of Eurasia. The items of horse equipment take an important place in the dating and chronology of monuments. The selection of horse equipment in Zuevsky burial is not numerous, but it is represented by the most part of categories. Dating of ones fits into the framework of the middle period of the Ananyino culture (according to Sergey Kuzminykh and Andrew Chizhevsky) – 6th–5th BC. The items of horse equipment from the Zuevsky burials despite their fragmented nature demonstrate common features with other early Ananyino cemeteries. The presence in the materials of the burial ground of objects characteristic of the early Scythian complex allows the author to make an assumption about probably earlier beginning of the Zuevsky necropolis functioning.

Keywords

• archaeology
• Early Iron Age
• Ananyino
• Prikamye
• Udmurtia
• horse equipment
• analogies
• dating