Pensamento Plural (Dec 2015)
Between the hegemony and the Caesarism: a Gramscian analysis of the Fernando Lugo’s government (2008- 2012)
Abstract
Through the Gramscian concepts of political hegemony, this article aims to discuss, analyze and record factors that allow provide a intelligibility to the deposition process of Paraguayan President Fernando Lugo and overthrown the luguista attempt to establish an alternative government to the predominant political model in the Paraguay post-democratization, idealizing a kind of arbitration of Paraguayan deep economic problems, especially those related to the possession of the land, resulting in a representation crisis, that is, a hegemonic crisis. Will be exploited concepts of class hegemony, political dominance, ideology and political coalitions, and especially the concept of Caesarism, demonstrating the problems that structured the Lugo government that bases its subsequent weakening and suppression, through impeachment. Thus, will be listed two kinds of factors that help in understanding the phenomenon: the structural or organic and cyclical; from the analysis of its responses to their adversities will be possible to identify the distinctly immobilist character of the luguismo and its absence of revolutionary political virtue. Drawing on a Gramscian conceptualization of Caesarism, it will try to analyze the government of Lugo and his personal performance as an attempt to consolidate the position of "Greatest Referee", which seeks to accommodate the conflicts inherent to the asymmetries of Paraguayan society observed in that aspect of his government a source of stagnation in times of worsening of the social and political crisis, embodied in a hegemonic crisis of the political system as a whole.
