Vascular Health and Risk Management (May 2016)
Cardiovascular risk factor control is insufficient in young patients with coronary artery disease
Abstract
Morten Krogh Christiansen, Jesper Møller Jensen, Anders Krogh Brøndberg, Hans Erik Bøtker, Henrik Kjærulf JensenDepartment of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, DenmarkBackground: Control of cardiovascular risk factor is important in secondary prevention of coronary artery disease (CAD) but it is unknown whether treatment targets are achieved in young patients. We aimed to examine the prevalence and control of risk factors in this subset of patients.Methods: We performed a cross-sectional, single-center study on patients with documented CAD before age 40. All patients treated between 2002 and 2014 were invited to participate at least 6 months after the last coronary intervention. We included 143 patients and recorded the family history of cardiovascular disease, physical activity level, smoking status, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, cholesterol levels, metabolic status, and current medical therapy. Risk factor control and treatment targets were evaluated according to the shared guidelines from the European Society of Cardiology.Results: The most common insufficiently controlled risk factors were overweight (113 [79.0%]), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol above target (77 [57.9%]), low physical activity level (78 [54.6%]), hypertriglyceridemia (67 [46.9%]), and current smoking (53 [37.1%]). Almost one-half of the patients fulfilled the criteria of metabolic syndrome. The median (interquartile range) number of uncontrolled modifiable risk factors was 2 (2;4) and only seven (4.9%) patients fulfilled all modifiable health measure targets.Conclusion: Among the youngest patients with CAD, there remains a potential to improve the cardiovascular risk profile.Keywords: coronary artery disease, cardiovascular diseases/prevention and control, health behavior, risk factors, young adult, middle aged
