Endothelin-1 Plasma and Aqueous Humor Levels in Different Types of Glaucoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Stamatios Lampsas; Stylianos A. Kandarakis; Dionysios G. Vakalopoulos; Aikaterini Lampsa; Evangelos Oikonomou; Gerasimos Siasos; George D. Kymionis

doi:10.3390/medicina60071117

Medicina (Jul 2024)

Endothelin-1 Plasma and Aqueous Humor Levels in Different Types of Glaucoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Stamatios Lampsas,
Stylianos A. Kandarakis,
Dionysios G. Vakalopoulos,
Aikaterini Lampsa,
Evangelos Oikonomou,
Gerasimos Siasos,
George D. Kymionis

Affiliations

Stamatios Lampsas: Second Department of Ophthalmology, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
Stylianos A. Kandarakis: First Department of Ophthalmology, “G. Gennimatas” Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
Dionysios G. Vakalopoulos: First Department of Ophthalmology, “G. Gennimatas” Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
Aikaterini Lampsa: Second Department of Ophthalmology, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
Evangelos Oikonomou: Third Department of Cardiology, Thoracic Diseases General Hospital Sotiria, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
Gerasimos Siasos: Cardiovascular Division, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
George D. Kymionis: First Department of Ophthalmology, “G. Gennimatas” Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60071117
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 60, no. 7
p. 1117

Abstract

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Background and Objectives: Several studies suggest the complex relationship between Endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels with various types of glaucoma. This systematic review and meta-analysis explore ET-1 levels in plasma and aqueous humor among different types of glaucoma. Materials and Methods: A literature search (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library) was made up to April 2024 (PROSPERO: CRD42023430471). The results were synthesized according to PRISMA Guidelines. Results were presented as standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: A total of 2597 subjects (1513 patients with glaucoma vs. 1084 healthy controls) from 23 studies were included in a meta-analysis. Notably, patients with glaucoma reported significantly higher plasma levels of ET-1 compared to controls (SMD: 1.21, 95% CI: 0.59–1.82, p p p = 0.05), and angle-closure glaucoma patients (SMD: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.43–1.63, p p p p Conclusions: This meta-analysis indicates that elevated levels of ET-1 plasma and aqueous humor are significantly associated with different types of glaucoma. The pathogenesis of ET-1-related mechanisms may vary across different glaucoma types, indicating that possible therapeutic approaches targeting ET-1 pathways should be tailored to each specific glaucoma type.

Published in Medicina

ISSN: 1010-660X (Print); 1648-9144 (Online)
Publisher: MDPI AG
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Medicine: Medicine (General)
Website: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/medicina

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