Jochid Coins from Excavations at the Bolgar Settlement. Research in 1989–1993

Abstract

The paper deals with the silver and copper coins, found at the Bolgar settlement in 1989-1993. In seven excavations, laid during this period, it was found: excavation CIV – 52 coins, excavation CV – 23 coins, excavation CVIII – 15 coins, excavation CIX – 12 coins, excavation CXIII – 6 coins, excavation CXV – 22 coins, excavation CXVIII – 10 coins. In total 142 coins. For each excavation, a table is provided indicating the issuer or type and weight of each specimen. When studying the numismatic complex by stages of monetary circulation, it was found that the largest amount of coins was minted in 1331-1357. - 52.7% of all attributed specimens. At the end of the article, for comparison, the weight of individual types of silver and copper coins, found in the CLXXIX excavation, is given.

Keywords

• pul
• dirham
• coin circulation
• central bazaar
• bolgar settlement
• golden horde
• xiii–xiv centuries