Infection and Drug Resistance (Jul 2022)
Characterization of NDM-5 Carbapenemase-Encoding Gene (blaNDM-5) – Positive Multidrug Resistant Commensal Escherichia coli from Diarrheal Patients
Abstract
Goutam Chowdhury,1,2 Thandavarayan Ramamurthy,1 Bhabatosh Das,3 Debjani Ghosh,1 Keinosuke Okamoto,2 Shin-ichi Miyoshi,2,4 Shanta Dutta,1 Asish K Mukhopadhyay1 1Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India; 2Collaborative Research Centre of Okayama University for Infectious Diseases, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India; 3Department of Infection and Immunology, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India; 4Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, JapanCorrespondence: Goutam Chowdhury; Asish K Mukhopadhyay, Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33, CIT Road, Scheme XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: The multidrug resistance Enterobacteriaceae cause many serious infections resulting in prolonged hospitalization, increased treatment charges and mortality rate. In this study, we characterized blaNDM-5-positive multidrug resistance commensal Escherichia coli (CE) isolated from diarrheal patients in Kolkata, India.Methods: Three CE strains were isolated from diarrheal stools, which were negative for different pathogroups of diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC). The presence of carbapenemases encoding genes and other antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) was detected using PCR. The genetic arrangement adjoining blaNDM-5 was investigated by plasmid genome sequencing. The genetic relatedness of the strains was determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) methods.Results: In addition to colistin, the blaNDM-5-positive CE strains showed resistance to most of the antibiotics. Higher MICs were detected for ciprofloxacin (> 32 mg/L) and imipenem (8 mg/L). Molecular typing revealed that three CE strains belonged to two different STs (ST 101 and ST 648) but they were 95% similar in the PFGE analysis. Screening for ARGs revealed that CE strains harbored Int-1, blaTEM, blaCTX-M3, blaOXA-1, blaOXA-7, blaOXA-9, tetA, strA, aadA1, aadB, sul2, floR, mph(A), and aac(6´)-Ib-cr. In conjugation experiment, transfer frequencies ranged from 2.5× 10− 3 to 8.4x10− 5. The blaNDM-5 gene was located on a 94-kb pNDM-TC-CE-89 type plasmid, which is highly similar to the IncFII plasmid harboring an IS26-IS30-blaNDM-5-bleMBL-trpF-dsbd-IS 91-dhps structure.Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on carbapenem resistance involving the blaNDM-5 gene in CE from diarrheal patients. The circulation of blaNDM-5 gene in CE is worrisome, since it has the potential to transfer blaNDM-5 gene to other enteric pathogens.Keywords: antimicrobial resistance, carbapenem-resistance, commensal E. coli, plasmid; blaNDM-5
