Frontiers in Pharmacology (Mar 2023)

Chemoprophylaxis for the prevention of tuberculosis in kidney transplant recipients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

  • Zhihui Yuan,
  • Sheng Chao,
  • Yuan Xu,
  • Yulin Niu

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2023.1022579
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 14

Abstract

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Background: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to investigate the efficacy and safety of isoniazid (INH) prophylaxis to prevent tuberculosis (TB) infection in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs).Methods: Web of Science, SCOPUS, and PubMed were searched to identify relevant studies that compared the effects among patients who received INH prophylaxis after transplantation.Results: A total of 13 studies (involving 6,547 KTRs) were included in our analysis. We found that the risk of active TB infection (RR: 0.35, 95%CI 0.27–0.45, p < 0.01) for KTRs was lower in the INH treatment group than in those without prophylaxis. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in mortality (RR: 0.93, 95%CI 0.67–1.28, p = 0.64), acute rejection (RR: 0.82, 95%CI 0.44–1.51, p = 0.52), and hepatotoxicity (RR: 1.25, 95%CI 0.94–1.65, p = 0.12).Conclusion: Isoniazid prophylaxis is a safe and effective for KTRs on reactivation of latent TB infection.

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