Comportamiento de fríjol común (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) tipo reventón por características agronómicas y de calidad de grano

Abstract

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mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} </style> <![endif]--> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: ";Cambria";,";serif";;">El fríjol común tipo reventón, ñuña o nuña, se caracteriza por la capacidad de expansión de los cotiledones al ser sometidos al calor, lo que convierte este tipo de fríjol común en un recurso genético innovador, con perspectivas interesantes como snack o pasabocas para los<span> </span>mercados locales y de exportación. Dado su origen y selección<span> </span>en los Andes suramericanos, este material podría adaptarse a diferentes zonas alto andinas de las cordilleras colombianas y convertirse en un producto que diversifique y abra expectativas comerciales para los habitantes locales de la región. En este trabajo se evaluaron 29 cultivares<span> </span>de fríjol reventón originarios de Perú y Bolivia, por características agronómicas, químicas del grano y propiedades funcionales de reventamiento, buscando correlacionar y seleccionar las variables de mayor incidencia en la caracterización. La información obtenida permitió agrupar las accesiones, de acuerdo a las características mencionadas, en dos conglomerados en un dendrograma. Las variables que generaron mayor información de las accesiones fueron las de precocidad y rendimiento, seguidas por las relativas a calidad nutricional y porcentaje de expansión; de las variables nominales se destacaron el color de las alas, el color predominante del limbo, el color de las vainas y la forma de la semilla. Las accesiones seleccionadas por precocidad fueron la G12185A y G7369; las accesiones que mejor rendimiento presentaron por planta fueron G12575, G12586, G7245 y G24886, mientras que las accesiones promisorias por porcentaje de expansión fueron G23729, G12570, G12623, G23715, G23736, G23742, G23767B, G12605, G23693 y G23695.</span></p>