Solid-state self-template synthesis of Ta-doped Li2ZnTi3O8 spheres for efficient and durable lithium storage
Dongwei Ma,
Jiahui Li,
Jing Yang,
Chengfu Yang,
Maykel Manawan,
Yongri Liang,
Ting Feng,
Yong-Wei Zhang,
Jia Hong Pan
Affiliations
Dongwei Ma
MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
Jiahui Li
MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
Jing Yang
Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore
Chengfu Yang
MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
Maykel Manawan
Fakultas Teknologi Pertahanan, Universitas Pertahanan Indonesia, Jawa Barat 16810, Indonesia
Yongri Liang
State Key Lab of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066012, Hebei, China
Ting Feng
School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Yong-Wei Zhang
Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore
Jia Hong Pan
MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China; Corresponding author
Summary: Ta-doped Li2ZnTi3O8 (LZTO) spheres (Li2ZnTi3-xTaxO8; where x is the synthetic chemical input, x = 0, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07) are synthesized via solid-state reaction using mesoporous TiO2 spheres as the self-template. The majority of Ta5+ ions are uniformly doped into crystal lattices of LZTO through the Ti↔Ta substitution, and the rest forms the piezoelectric LiTaO3 secondary phase on the surface, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction refinement, Raman spectroscopy, density functional theory, and electron microscopy. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy demonstrates that the Ta5+ doping creates rapid electronic transportation channels for high Li+ ion diffusion kinetics; however, the LiTaO3 surface coating is beneficial to improve the electronic conductivity. At the optimal x = 0.05, Li2ZnTi3-xTaxO8 spheres exhibit a reversible capacity of 90.2 mAh/g after 2000 cycles with a high coulombic efficiency of ≈100% at 5.0 A/g, thus enabling a promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries with high power and energy densities.
