Detection of Coccidian Parasites using Auramine Rhodamine Stain: A Rapid and Sensitive Tool

Abstract

Introduction: Intestinal coccidian parasites known to cause opportunistic infections have increased since the past years and are often indistinguishable from other forms of communityacquired diarrhoea, which suggests a need for proper and rapid diagnostic techniques to recover and identify the organism. Aim: To investigate if Auramine Rhodamine (AR) staining is a sensitive and time conserving staining technique in contrast to modified acid fast stain. Materials and Methods: A descriptive observational study was conducted at Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India, over a period of three months (i.e., from July to September 2019). A total of 100 stool samples received by the Department of Microbiology were subjected to macroscopic and microscopic examination by saline mount, iodine mount, kinyoun acid fast stain, modified AR staining. Results: In the present study the prevalence of coccidian infections were observed to be 6%. Coccidian parasites reported were Cryptosporidium species and Cystoisospora species immunocompromised patients were found to be more prone to infections with coccidian parasites. The AR stain showed 100% agreement with modified acid fast stain. Conclusion: This study concluded that the AR stain is a rapid and better stain than kinyoun acid-fast stain for the detection of coccidian parasites.

Keywords

• cryptosporidium
• cystoisospora
• immunosuppression
• microscopy