Clinical analysis of temporary pacemaker implantation in 6 children with fulminant myocarditis

Abstract

Abstract Background There is little literature on the use of temporary pacemakers in children with fulminant myocarditis. Therefore, we summarized the use of temporary cardiac pacemakers in children with fulminant myocarditis in our hospital. Methods The clinical data of children with fulminant myocarditis treated with temporary pacemakers in Wuhan Children’s Hospital from January 2017 to May 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 6 children were enrolled in the study, including 4 boys and 2 girls, with a median age of 50 months and a median weight of 15 kg. The average time from admission to pacemaker placement was 2.75 ± 0.4 h. The electrocardiogram showed that all 6 children had third-degree atrioventricular block (III°AVB). The initial pacing voltage, the sensory sensitivity of the ventricle and the pacing frequency were set to 5–10 mV, 5 V and 100–120 bpm respectively. The sinus rhythm was recovered in 5 patients within 61 h (17–134) h, and the median time of using temporary pacemaker was 132 h (63–445) h. One of the children had persistent III°AVB after the temporary pacemaker. With parental consent, the child was fitted with a permanent pacemaker on the 12th day of his illness. Conclusions When fulminant myocarditis leads to severe bradycardia or atrioventricular block in children, temporary pacemakers have the characteristics of high safety to improve the heart function.

Keywords

• Fulminant myocarditis
• Temporary pacemaker
• Permanent pacemaker
• Atrioventricular block