Metabolic evaluation and measurement of ovarian volume in polycystic ovary sydrome: a cross-sectional observational study

Abstract

Purpose: Polycystic ovary sydrome is a disease of women in reproductive period, with hirsutism or hyperandrogenic signs in laboratory evaluation, causing infertility due to dysmenorrhea and unovulation. Accompanying insulin resistance and adiposity may increase cardiometabolic risk. In our study, we planned to represent the physical examination and laboratory findings of the patients diagnosed as polycystic ovary sydrome, together with andominal ultrasonographic evaluation of the ovaries. Material-methods: Twenty-two patients who admitted the endocrinology department with the complaints of hirsutism and dysmenorrhea were included in the study. Purpose: Polycystic ovary sydrome is a disease of women in reproductive period, with hirsutism or hyperandrogenic signs in laboratory evaluation, causing infertility due to dysmenorrhea and unovulation. Accompanying insulin resistance and adiposity may increase cardiometabolic risk. In our study, we planned to represent the physical examination and laboratory findings of the patients diagnosed as polycystic ovary sydrome, together with andominal ultrasonographic evaluation of the ovaries. Material and Methods: Twenty-two patients who admitted the endocrinology department with the complaints of hirsutism and dysmenorrhea were included in the study. Their ages, family histories, polycystic ovary sydrome phenotypes, first menstrual age, length of cyclus and physical examination findings were recorded. Ferriman&Gallwey score was used for hirsutism. Insulin resistance was calculated via HOMA-IR method by making the biochemical and hormonal tests. Ovarian volumes were measured by abdominal ultrasonography. SPSS-16 was used for the statistical analysis of the findings. Results: Mean age was 21.41±0.88. Polycystic ovary sydrome phenotypes were B in 40.9%, C in 31.8% and A in 27.3%. Cyclus length was normal in 31.8% (27-34 days). Ferriman&Gallwey score was ≥7 in all of the patients. Although hirsutism rates were high, androgen levels were generally normal (testosterone 72% normal, DHEAS 82% normal). Eight (36%) patients was obese and 3 (13.6%) was overweight. Forty percent of the patients had type 2 diabetes mellitus in a first degree relative. Fasting glucose levels and glucose levels after 75 gr OGTT were normal in all patients. Insulin resistance was detected in 41% of the patients via HOMA-IR method. LDL cholesterol, trigliceryde, AST, ALT and levels were normal. HDL cholesterol level was below 50 mg/dl in 15 (68%) patients. In abdominal ultrasonography, mean ovarian volumes were 11.6±1.12ml on right, 11.5±1.01ml on left. 13 (59.1%) patients had polycystic ovary appearance. Conclusion: Hirsutism was detected in all of our patients. In most of them, polycystic ovary sydrome diagnosis was supported by cycle irregularity, increased ovarian volume and polycystic ovary appearance in ultrasonagraphy. In our polycystic ovary sydrome patients, hyperandrogenism laboratory findings, insulin resistance and obesity were seen in lower ratios.