Optimization of cellulose nanocrystals from bamboo shoots using Response Surface Methodology
Christian J. Wijaya,
Suryadi Ismadji,
Hakun W. Aparamarta,
Setiyo Gunawan
Affiliations
Christian J. Wijaya
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Keputih Sukolilo, Surabaya, 60111, Indonesia; Department of Chemical Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Kalijudan 37, Surabaya, 60114, Indonesia
Suryadi Ismadji
Department of Chemical Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Kalijudan 37, Surabaya, 60114, Indonesia
Hakun W. Aparamarta
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Keputih Sukolilo, Surabaya, 60111, Indonesia
Setiyo Gunawan
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Keputih Sukolilo, Surabaya, 60111, Indonesia; Corresponding author.
Cellulose-based advanced materials, such as cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), have high potential application for drug delivery system. In this study, the CNC were produced from bamboo shoots using acid hydrolysis process. The delignification of bamboo shoots was conducted using alkali and hydrogen peroxide pretreatment processes. The operating condition of the production of CNC from bamboo shoots was optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on the yield and crystals recovery as the responses. The optimum CNC yield of 50.67 ± 0.74% with a crystals recovery of 77.99 ± 1.14% was obtained at the sulfuric acid concentration of 54.73 wt% and a temperature of 39 °C from the optimization based on the yield. This optimization has been validated to confirm the accuracy.
