Ultra‐robust stretchable electrode for e‐skin: In situ assembly using a nanofiber scaffold and liquid metal to mimic water‐to‐net interaction
Jinwei Cao,
Fei Liang,
Huayang Li,
Xin Li,
Youjun Fan,
Chao Hu,
Jing Yu,
Jin Xu,
Yiming Yin,
Fali Li,
Dan Xu,
Hanfang Feng,
Huali Yang,
Yiwei Liu,
Xiaodong Chen,
Guang Zhu,
Run‐Wei Li
Affiliations
Jinwei Cao
New Materials Institute Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China Ningbo China
Fei Liang
CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro‐Nano Energy and Sensor Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
Huayang Li
New Materials Institute Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China Ningbo China
Xin Li
CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro‐Nano Energy and Sensor Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
Youjun Fan
CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro‐Nano Energy and Sensor Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
Chao Hu
CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo China
Jing Yu
Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck‐NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore
Jin Xu
New Materials Institute Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China Ningbo China
Yiming Yin
New Materials Institute Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China Ningbo China
Fali Li
CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo China
Dan Xu
CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo China
Hanfang Feng
New Materials Institute Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China Ningbo China
Huali Yang
CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo China
Yiwei Liu
CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo China
Xiaodong Chen
Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck‐NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore
Guang Zhu
New Materials Institute Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China Ningbo China
Run‐Wei Li
CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo China
Abstract The development of stretchable electronics could enhance novel interface structures to solve the stretchability–conductivity dilemma, which remains a major challenge. Herein, we report a nano‐liquid metal (LM)‐based highly robust stretchable electrode (NHSE) with a self‐adaptable interface that mimics water‐to‐net interaction. Based on the in situ assembly of electrospun elastic nanofiber scaffolds and electrosprayed LM nanoparticles, the NHSE exhibits an extremely low sheet resistance of 52 mΩ sq−1. It is not only insensitive to a large degree of mechanical stretching (i.e., 350% electrical resistance change upon 570% elongation) but also immune to cyclic deformation (i.e., 5% electrical resistance increases after 330 000 stretching cycles with 100% elongation). These key properties are far superior to those of the state‐of‐the‐art reports. Its robustness and stability are verified under diverse circumstances, including long‐term exposure to air (420 days), cyclic submersion (30 000 times), and resilience against mechanical damages. The combination of conductivity, stretchability, and durability makes the NHSE a promising conductor/electrode solution for flexible/stretchable electronics for applications such as wearable on‐body physiological signal detection, human–machine interaction, and heating e‐skin.
