“No tan en orden como devria estar”. La correspondencia entre el duque de Osuna y Felipe III sobre el Tercio de infantería del Reino de Sicilia

Abstract

This article delves into the correspondence between don Pedro Téllez Girón y Velasco, Viceroy of Sicily from 1611 to 1616, and Philip III in military matters. Characterized by a strong personality, the Duke of Osuna faced economic and military challenges from the outset of his term. Financially burdened by troop expenses, he encountered difficulties in the military defense of Sicily, particularly the shortage of troops and inadequate infrastructure. Osuna implemented stringent policies to reform companies and galleys, conducting attacks on the North African coasts, issues detailed in various missives to the king. The study focuses on how the viceroy’s correspondence with Philip III can provide insight into his persistent requests for reinforcements and the initiatives of the Duke of Osuna regarding strengthening existing forces. The letters reveal his concerns about the lack of troops and resistance to foreign soldiers, but also his managerial skills. The complaints reflect the viceroy’s frustration and despair at the situation, as well as his concern for territorial issues and a detailed presentation of the economic problems of the tercio. His military initiatives throughout his term achieved partial objectives, according to reports sent to the monarch and assessments by his successors, making the correspondence and its interpretation a valuable contribution to the complex evaluation of the Duke of Osuna’s tenure in Sicily.