Les universités françaises transformées par les réformes : vers une spécialisation et une segmentation des carrières enseignantes et des tensions identitaires accrues

Abstract

The article focuses in particular on one aspect of the recent transformations of the French university: the professionalization of its formations. The research considers the potential tensions between the missions previously assigned to the work of academic actors and the increasing and recurrent display of this objective. The survey is based on two series of interviews with faculty researchers and other categories of trainers working in various academic departments (Psychology, History, English, French Literature, Mathematics, Physics, Sport sciences, Educational sciences): 48 between 1997 and 2002 and 34 between 2014 and 2016. The study considers both the evolution of the representations of the formation of these actors as well as that of the debates and controversies developing between them. Research highlights a specialization and segmentation of teaching careers, particularly between research and training activities. This dynamic accentuates the identity tensions that constitute the university organization.

Keywords

• Academic training
• professionalisation
• careers of academic trainers
• identity tensions