Prognosis of patients with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A single-center cohort study with ten-year follow-up by propensity score matching analysis
Ye He,
Chaoping Yu,
Ling Zhou,
Hongmei Zhang,
Huihui Ma,
Mingjiang Liu,
Jianhong Tao,
Wei Hua,
Tianhu Liu,
Xiaoping Li
Affiliations
Ye He
Visual Computing and Virtual Reality Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610066, China
Chaoping Yu
Department of Cardiology, Pidu District People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611730, China
Ling Zhou
Center of Statistical Research and School of Statistics, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
Hongmei Zhang
Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, 610072, China
Huihui Ma
Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, 610072, China
Mingjiang Liu
Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, 610072, China
Jianhong Tao
Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, 610072, China
Wei Hua
Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
Tianhu Liu
Department of Cardiology, Pidu District People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611730, China; Corresponding author.
Xiaoping Li
Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, 610072, China; Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China; Corresponding author. Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China.
Objectives: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common hereditary cardiomyopathy. However, few studies have investigated the prognosis of familial HCM (FHCM) through clinical data. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of FHCM and non-FHCM through propensity score matching analysis. Methods and results: The cohort study included 1243 patients with HCM between 1996 and 2013 in Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, among whom 125 patients had FHCM. During a mean follow-up of 7.6 ± 3.8 years (interquartile range: (IQR) 5.0–10.0 years), 217 (16.57%) of the 1243 patients had died, including 3 patients who underwent cardiac transplantation. Using 30 demographic and clinical variables, a 4:1 propensity score matched cohort for FHCM was established. The stepwise variable selection procedure for the Cox proportional hazards model was performed to identify the factors associated with mortality and competing risk regression analysis was performed to analyze the competitive risk of cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular mortality. The results showed that FHCM patients had a higher risk of cardiovascular mortality/cardiac transplantation (log-rank χ2 = 6.8, P = 0.0084) and an increased tendency of sudden cardiac death (SCD) (log-rank χ2 = 3.2, P = 0.074) compared with non-FHCM patients, but there was no difference in all-cause mortality (log-rank χ2 = 2.7, P = 0.1) between the two groups. Moreover, the Cox model showed that FHCM was an independent prognostic predictor for cardiovascular mortality/cardiac transplantation in HCM patients. Conclusion: FHCM patients had a higher risk of cardiovascular mortality/cardiac transplantation and a higher tendency of SCD than non-FHCM patients, but there was no difference in all-cause mortality. Moreover, FHCM was an independent prognostic predictor for cardiovascular mortality/cardiac transplantation in HCM patients.
