Effects of Smoking on Inflammatory-Related Cytokine Levels in Human Serum
Hongjuan Wang,
Huan Chen,
Yaning Fu,
Min Liu,
Jingni Zhang,
Shulei Han,
Yushan Tian,
Hongwei Hou,
Qingyuan Hu
Affiliations
Hongjuan Wang
China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, No. 6, Cuizhu Street, Gaoxin District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Huan Chen
China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, No. 6, Cuizhu Street, Gaoxin District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Yaning Fu
China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, No. 6, Cuizhu Street, Gaoxin District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Min Liu
China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, No. 6, Cuizhu Street, Gaoxin District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Jingni Zhang
China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, No. 6, Cuizhu Street, Gaoxin District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Shulei Han
China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, No. 6, Cuizhu Street, Gaoxin District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Yushan Tian
China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, No. 6, Cuizhu Street, Gaoxin District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Hongwei Hou
China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, No. 6, Cuizhu Street, Gaoxin District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Qingyuan Hu
China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, No. 6, Cuizhu Street, Gaoxin District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, and several cancers resulting from tobacco smoking, are initially characterized by chronic systemic inflammation. Cytokine imbalances can result in inflammation, making it important to understand the pathological mechanisms behind cytokine production. In this study, we collected blood samples from 78 healthy male volunteers, including non-smokers (n = 30), current smokers (n = 30), and ex-smokers (n = 18), and utilized the liquid suspension chip technique to investigate and compare the expression levels of 17 cytokines and chemokines in the human serum of these volunteers. The results demonstrated that the expression levels of CXCL9/MIG and sIL-6R significantly increased after smoking, and continued to increase after quitting smoking. The expression levels of TARC, ITAC, and sVEGFR-3 increased after smoking but decreased after quitting smoking; the expression level of SAA significantly decreased after smoking and showed an upward trend after quitting smoking. Seven cytokines (IL-1β, BCA-1, TNF-α, CRP, ENA-78, MDC, and TNFRII) did not vary between the three groups, while four cytokines (IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, and SCF) were not detected in any serum sample. In conclusion, this study assessed the physiological production of cytokines and chemokines, highlighting the differences in each due to smoking status. Our results could help evaluate the early development of smoking-related chronic diseases and cancers.
