Antioxidants (May 2024)
Zinc and Its Antioxidant Properties: The Potential Use of Blood Zinc Levels as a Marker of Cancer Risk in BRCA1 Mutation Carriers
- Milena Matuszczak,
- Adam Kiljańczyk,
- Wojciech Marciniak,
- Róża Derkacz,
- Klaudia Stempa,
- Piotr Baszuk,
- Marta Bryśkiewicz,
- Ping Sun,
- Angela Cheriyan,
- Cezary Cybulski,
- Tadeusz Dębniak,
- Jacek Gronwald,
- Tomasz Huzarski,
- Marcin R. Lener,
- Anna Jakubowska,
- Marek Szwiec,
- Małgorzata Stawicka-Niełacna,
- Dariusz Godlewski,
- Artur Prusaczyk,
- Andrzej Jasiewicz,
- Tomasz Kluz,
- Joanna Tomiczek-Szwiec,
- Ewa Kilar-Kobierzycka,
- Monika Siołek,
- Rafał Wiśniowski,
- Renata Posmyk,
- Joanna Jarkiewicz-Tretyn,
- Rodney J. Scott,
- Steven A. Narod,
- Jan Lubiński
Affiliations
- Milena Matuszczak
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
- Adam Kiljańczyk
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
- Wojciech Marciniak
- Read-Gene, Grzepnica, ul. Alabastrowa 8, 72-003 Dobra, Poland
- Róża Derkacz
- Read-Gene, Grzepnica, ul. Alabastrowa 8, 72-003 Dobra, Poland
- Klaudia Stempa
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
- Piotr Baszuk
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
- Marta Bryśkiewicz
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
- Ping Sun
- Women’s College Research Institute, Women’s College Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1N8, Canada
- Angela Cheriyan
- Women’s College Research Institute, Women’s College Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1N8, Canada
- Cezary Cybulski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
- Tadeusz Dębniak
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
- Jacek Gronwald
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
- Tomasz Huzarski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
- Marcin R. Lener
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
- Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
- Marek Szwiec
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, University of Zielona Góra, Zyty 28, 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland
- Małgorzata Stawicka-Niełacna
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Pathology, University of Zielona Góra, ul. Zyty 28, 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland
- Dariusz Godlewski
- OPEN, Kazimierza Wielkiego 24 St., 61-863 Poznań, Poland
- Artur Prusaczyk
- Medical and Diagnostic Center, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
- Andrzej Jasiewicz
- Genetic Counseling Center, Subcarpatian Oncological Hospital, 18 Bielawskiego St., 36-200 Brzozów, Poland
- Tomasz Kluz
- Department of Gynecology, Gynecology Oncology and Obstetrics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College, Rzeszow University, Rejtana 16c, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
- Joanna Tomiczek-Szwiec
- Department of Histology, Department of Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Opole, 45-040 Opole, Poland
- Ewa Kilar-Kobierzycka
- Department of Oncology, District Specialist Hospital, Leśna 27-29 St., 58-100 Świdnica, Poland
- Monika Siołek
- Holycross Cancer Center, Artwińskiego 3 St., 25-734 Kielce, Poland
- Rafał Wiśniowski
- Regional Oncology Hospital, Wyzwolenia 18 St., 43-300 Bielsko Biała, Poland
- Renata Posmyk
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Białystok, Poland
- Joanna Jarkiewicz-Tretyn
- Non-Public Health Care Centre, Cancer Genetics Laboratory, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
- Rodney J. Scott
- Medical Genetics, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Priority Research Centre for Cancer Research, Innovation and Translation, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Pathology North, John Hunter Hospital, King and Auckland Streets, Newcastle, NSW 2300, Australia
- Steven A. Narod
- Women’s College Research Institute, Women’s College Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1N8, Canada
- Jan Lubiński
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13050609
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 13,
no. 5
p. 609
Abstract
BRCA1 mutations predispose women to breast and ovarian cancer. The anticancer effect of zinc is typically linked to its antioxidant abilities and protecting cells against oxidative stress. Zinc regulates key processes in cancer development, including DNA repair, gene expression, and apoptosis. We took a blood sample from 989 female BRCA1 mutation carriers who were initially unaffected by cancer and followed them for a mean of 7.5 years thereafter. There were 172 incident cases of cancer, including 121 cases of breast cancer, 29 cases of ovarian cancers, and 22 cancers at other sites. A zinc level in the lowest tertile was associated with a modestly higher risk of ovarian cancer compared to women with zinc levels in the upper two tertiles (HR = 1.65; 95% CI 0.80 to 3.44; p = 0.18), but this was not significant. Among those women with zinc levels in the lowest tertile, the 10-year cumulative risk of ovarian cancer was 6.1%. Among those in the top two tertiles of zinc level, the ten-year cumulative risk of ovarian cancer was 4.7%. There was no significant association between zinc level and breast cancer risk. Our preliminary study does not support an association between serum zinc level and cancer risk in BRCA1 mutation carriers.
Keywords
