Impact of Frailty on the First 30 Days of Major Cardiac Events in Elderly Patients with Coronary Artery Disease Undergoing Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Abstract

Aim: to obtain the proportion of frailty and the incidence of 30-day major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) as well as to review the impact of frailty on the prognosis of elderly patients with coronary heart disease who underwent elective PCI. Methods: this is a prospective cohort study to assess the frailty of elderly patients with coronary artery disease that underwent elective PCI in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital using the frailty phenotype criteria. They were subsequently followed-up for 30 days to see whether there was any MACE developed. Results: there were 100 elderly patients with coronary artery disease who underwent elective PCI between September 2014 and June 2015. The mean age of patients was 66.95 (SD 4.875) years and 69% of the patients were males. Frailty was present in 61% of the patients. MACE were occurred in 8.19% of frail patients and 5.12% were occurred in non-frail patients. The association between frailty and MACE was demonstrated by the result of crude HR of 1.6 (CI 95% 0.31-8.24). In our study, the 30-day survival rate was 95% in frail patients and 98% in non-frail patients. Conclusion: there is a 1.6-fold increased risk of 30-day MACE in elderly frail patients undergoing elective PCI; however, it is not statistically significant.

Keywords

• frailty
• major adverse cardiac events
• coronary artery disease
• percutaneous coronary interventions
• elderly