Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia (May 2009)
Associação entre medidas do estado nutricional e a função pulmonar de crianças e adolescentes com fibrose cística Association between nutritional status measurements and pulmonary function in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis
Abstract
OBJETIVO: Avaliar a associação de medidas do estado nutricional com a função pulmonar de crianças e adolescente com fibrose cística. MÉTODOS: Foi avaliado o estado nutricional pelo índice de massa corpórea (IMC) e por medidas de composição corporal-circunferência muscular do braço (CMB) e medida da dobra cutânea triciptal (DCT)-de 48 crianças e adolescentes (6-18 anos) com fibrose cística em um centro de referência na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. A função pulmonar foi analisada por espirometria, e o parâmetro adotado para a classificação da obstrução das vias aéreas foi VEF1. Utilizou-se o teste t de Student para a comparação entre proporções e a regressão linear para associação entre variáveis contínuas. O nível de significância adotado foi p OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between nutritional status measurements and pulmonary function in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis. METHODS: We evaluated the nutritional status of 48 children and adolescents (aged 6-18 years) with cystic fibrosis based on body mass index (BMI) and body composition measurements-mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC) and triceps skinfold thickness (TST)-at a referral center in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Pulmonary function was assessed by means of spirometry, using FEV1 to classify the severity of airway obstruction. We used Student's t-tests for comparisons between proportions and linear regression analysis for associations between continuous variables. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: The evaluation of nutritional status based on BMI identified a smaller number of malnourished patients than did that based on MAMC (14 vs. 25 patients, respectively). Most of the patients presented mild pulmonary disease. Mean FEV1 was 82.5% of predicted. Pulmonary function was found to correlate significantly with BMI, MAMC and TST (p = 0.001, p = 0.001 and p = 0.03, respectively). All subjects with moderate or severe pulmonary involvement were considered malnourished based on BMI and body composition parameters. Of the 25 patients considered malnourished based on body composition (MAMC), 19 were considered well-nourished based on their BMI. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, all nutritional status measurements correlated directly with the pulmonary function of children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis. However, body composition measurements allowed earlier detection of nutritional deficiencies.
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