Socioeconomic Deprivation and Invasive Breast Cancer Incidence by Stage at Diagnosis: A Possible Explanation to the Breast Cancer Social Paradox

Abstract

In this study, we assessed the influence of area-based socioeconomic deprivation on the incidence of invasive breast cancer (BC) in France, according to stage at diagnosis. All women from six mainland French departments, aged 15+ years, and diagnosed with a primary invasive breast carcinoma between 2008 and 2015 were included (n = 33,298). Area-based socioeconomic deprivation was determined using the French version of the European Deprivation Index. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) by socioeconomic deprivation and stage at diagnosis were compared estimating incidence rate ratios (IRRs) adjusted for age at diagnosis and rurality of residence. Compared to the most affluent areas, significantly lower IRRs were found in the most deprived areas for all-stages (0.85, 95% CI 0.81–0.89), stage I (0.77, 95% CI 0.72–0.82), and stage II (0.84, 95% CI 0.78–0.90). On the contrary, for stages III–IV, significantly higher IRRs (1.18, 95% CI 1.08–1.29) were found in the most deprived areas. These findings provide a possible explanation to similar or higher mortality rates, despite overall lower incidence rates, observed in women living in more deprived areas when compared to their affluent counterparts. Socioeconomic inequalities in access to healthcare services, including screening, could be plausible explanations for this phenomenon, underlying the need for further research.

Keywords

• breast cancer
• incidence
• stage at diagnosis
• socioeconomic deprivation
• rurality