Гуманитарные и юридические исследования (Sep 2021)
PUBLICATIONS OF HISTORIANS OF THE COSSACK EMIGRATION AS A SOURCE OF INFORMATION ON THE NEW ECONOMIC POLICY IN THE DON AND KUBAN REGIONS (1920-s)
Abstract
The authors of the article reveal the value and political orientation of the work of historians of the Cossack emigration on the development of the Don and Kuban regions in the 1920s. The topic is relevant for rethinking the features of the New economic policy of 1921-1929 in the South of Russia, to clarify the discourse of publications of historians of the Cossacks' abroad of the first generation. The novelty of the research consists in comparing the level of awareness and assessments of NEP in the Cossack, socialist and liberal historical traditions abroad, introducing a number of publications in the periodical press of the 1920s into scientific circulation. The article examines such important aspects of the topic as the assessment of the economic state of the Don and Kuban, class and class relations, the Bolshevik regime and its political and ideological campaigns in the Cossack regions, and everyday life. The organizational structure of public associations, archival and scientific institutions of the Cossacks abroad, which influenced the selection and orientation of historical information, is clarified. Conclusions on the closeness of the algorithms of analysis and political focus of the work of historians of the Cossack abroad (P. L. Makarenko, F. A. Scherbina, S. G. Svatikov), Russian socialist historians (S. S. Maslov, S. O. Portugeis) and members of the liberal direction (P. N. Milyukov, S. N. Prokopovich and others). Noted the relationship between evaluations of the events of the Civil war, New economic policy and collectivization in the historical traditions of the Cossack abroad of the 1920-1930s. Contradictions in the assessments of the New economic policy of the 1920s are revealed between the Don and the Kuban historians - the proponents of the indivisible unity with Russia and "independence supporters". The compromise position of F. A. Scherbina in this period is noted. An attempt is made to reconstruct the range of sources of information studied by historians - representatives of the first generation of the Cossack abroad: economic and socio-demographic statistics, ethnographic observations, works of Soviet publicists, reports of the Soviet and emigrant periodicals.
