Cancer Management and Research (Dec 2022)
Plasma Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 as a Prognostic Biomarker in Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Abstract
Tsung-You Tsai,1,* Huang-Kai Kao,2,3,* Yenlin Huang,4 Ya-Ting Chang,5 Chi-Kuang Young,1 Shao-Yu Hung,3 Yu-Sun Chang,5 Jau-Song Yu,1,5,6 Kai-Ping Chang1,2,5 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; 2College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; 3Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; 4Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; 5Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan; 6Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Kai-Ping Chang, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital & College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, No. 5, Fu-Hsing St, Kweishan, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan, Tel +886-3-3281200 ext.3967, Fax +886-3-3979361, Email [email protected]: Plasma matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) is a collagenase encoded by the MMP-1 gene. However, the prognostic value of plasma MMP-1 levels in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has yet to be elucidated. The study is the first to use a cohort of OSCC patients to assess the association of plasma MMP-1 levels with clinicopathological factors/survival outcomes in OSCC patients.Patients and Methods: A total of 677 patients were retrospectively enrolled, including 276 oral potentially malignant disease (OPMD) and 401 OSCC patients from 2013 to 2021. Pretreatment plasma MMP-1 levels were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the values were compared between OPMD and OSCC patients. Furthermore, the association of plasma MMP-1 levels and clinicopathological characteristics/survival outcomes in OSCC patients was investigated.Results: Plasma MMP-1 levels were significantly higher in OSCC patients than in OPMD patients (p = 0.04). In the OSCC group, plasma MMP-1 levels were significantly higher in females, tumor depth ≥ 10 mm, advanced pT classification and advanced overall stage (p = 0.04, < 0.001, < 0.001, 0.002, respectively). Higher plasma MMP-1 levels were significantly associated with poorer overall, disease-specific, disease-free, locoregional recurrence-free and distant metastasis-free survival (p = 0.003, 0.02, 0.005, 0.01, 0.001, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that plasma MMP-1 levels were a significant predictor for overall, disease-free, and distant metastasis-free survival (p = 0.03, 0.02, and 0.010, respectively).Conclusion: Plasma MMP-1 levels are associated with more severe clinicopathological manifestations and can also be regarded as a significant prognostic factor for OSCC posttreatment outcomes.Keywords: oral cancer, MMP, squamous cell carcinoma, ELISA, OSCC
