Influência de fatores obstétricos, socioeconômicos e nutricionais da gestante sobre o peso do recém-nascido: estudo realizado em uma maternidade em Teresina, Piauí Obstetric, social, economic and nutritional factors of pregnant women of newborn weight: study accomplished in a maternity in Teresina, Piauí

Abstract

OBJETIVOS: analisar a influência de fatores obstétricos, socioeconômicos e nutricionais sobre o peso do recém-nascido (RN) em uma maternidade de Teresina. MÉTODOS: estudo descritivo realizado com 277 gestantes em trabalho de parto e seus RN, incluindo-se mulheres com idade entre 20 a 34 anos, pré-natal iniciado entre a 10ª e 16ª semana de gestação, idade gestacional >37 semanas, não fumantes, sem doenças, com feto único, vivo e sem má formação congênita e com fichas ou cartão devidamente preenchidos. Para análise estatística, foram utilizados o teste do qui-quadrado, t de Student e análise de variância (p OBJECTIVES: to analyze the influence of obstetric, social, economic and nutrition factors on newborn weight in a maternity hospital of Teresina. METHODS: a descriptive study focusing 277 pregnant women during labor and their newborns aimed at women aged between 20 and 34 years old, prenatal care initiated between the 10th and 16th week of pregnancy, pregnancy length >37 weeks, non-smoking, disease free, one fetus, alive and with no congenital malformation, medical files dully completed. Statistical analysis was performed by the chi-square and t Sudent tests. RESULTS: a population of young low income mothers receiving eight or more years of education was focused. The average weekly increase of maternal weight was 389.3 ± 140.3 g, with total weight gain of 12.0 ± 4.6 kg. In relation to newborns' weight, 73.6% weighed 3000 to 3999 g. Statistical association between newborn weight and maternal height was determined (p = 0.001), as well as with the total weight gain during pregnancy (p = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS: adequate weight gain and prenatal care during pregnancy are relevant to assure a good neonatal prognosis.

Keywords

• Ganho de peso
• Estado nutricional
• Peso ao nascer
• Weight gain
• Nutritional status
• Birth weight