Sintomas do trato urinário inferior três anos após o parto: estudo prospectivo Lower urinary tract symptoms three years after delivery: a prospective study

Abstract

OBJETIVO: avaliar a freqüência de sintomas do trato urinário inferior (STUI) três anos após o parto em mulheres previamente entrevistadas no terceiro trimestre da gestação e comparar o impacto da gestação e do parto no desencadeamento dos STUI. Analisar o desconforto social e higiênico associado às queixas miccionais. MÉTODOS: estudo prospectivo analítico. Em 2003, 340 gestantes foram selecionadas em um ambulatório de atendimento Pré-natal e responderam ao questionário pré-testado, com perguntas sobre STUI e dados obstétricos.Em 2006, três anos após o parto foi possível contatar por telefone 120 mulheres das 340 entrevistadas no primeiro estudo. As mesmas responderam ao segundo questionário, com perguntas sobre dados obstétricos, STUI e seu impacto social. Os STUI foram divididos em incontinência urinária de esforço (IUE) e sintomas urinários irritativos (SUI). Para análise foram utilizados os testes de McNemar e qui-quadrado (pPURPOSE: to evaluate the frequency of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), three years after delivery in women previously interviewed at the third gestation trimester, and to compare the gestation and delivery impact on LUTS, analyzing the social and hygienic discomfort associated with micturition complaints. METHODS: analytical prospective study. In 2003, 340 pregnant women were selected in the pre-natal outpatient unit, and asked to answer a pre-tested questionnaire about LUTS and obstetric data. Three years after delivery, it was possible to get in touch by telephone with 120 of the 340 women who had been interviewed in the first study. They answered a second questionnaire about obstetric data, LUTS and its social impact. LUTS have been divided into stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and irritative urinary symptoms (IUS). McNemar's and chi-square tests were used for statistical analysis (p<0.05). RESULTS: SUI and nocturia have occurred in 57.5 and 80% of the pregnant women and the appearance of those symptoms after delivery, in 13.7 and 16.7%, respectively. Urge urinary incontinence has been significantly more frequent after delivery (30.5%) than in gestation (20.8%). Only 35.6% of the women with IUS presented social discomfort, but this rate has gone up to 91.4% in women with IUS associated with SUI. CONCLUSIONS: gestation, more than delivery, was associated with the appearance of SUI and nocturia, while the urge urinary incontinence was significantly higher after delivery. Most of the women have mentioned that SUI causes social problems.

Keywords

• Incontinência urinária
• Período pós-parto
• Problemas sociais
• Urinary incontinence
• Postpartum period
• Social problems