A cytogenetic study of chromosomal abnormalities in first trimester abortions in different maternal age groups

Abstract

Background: Approximately 15% of all clinically recognized pregnancies end in spontaneous abortions. Chromosomal disorders are responsible for 50% of the spontaneous abortions. Most commonly it occurs in the first trimester of pregnancy. Aim: To study the cytogenetic analysis of chorion villous tissue in 50 cases of abortion in age groups of 19-40 years. Material and Methods: Cytogenetic analysis was performed by implementing standard protocol of planting, harvesting, banding and screening. The karyotypes were prepared and observed under microscope. Statistical analysis was done by calculating the percentage of abnormal abortions in relation to maternal age. Results: It was observed that maximum abortion took place between 25-34 years of maternal age. The rate of abortion with trisomy was maximum followed by polyploidy and monosomy. It was seen that rate of abortion with monosomy decreases with increase in maternal age. Contrary to this trisomy increased with increase in maternal age. Conclusion: Cytogenetic study revealed that the rate of trisomic abortions increased with the increase in maternal age.

Keywords

• cytogenetics
• chromosomal anomalies
• first trimester abortion
• advanced maternal age
• polyploidy
• monosomy
• trisomy