Planta Daninha (Sep 2007)
Segurança do trabalhador em aplicações de herbicidas com pulverizadores de barra em cana-de-açúcar Workers´safety in herbicide applications using bar sprayers in sugar cane
Abstract
Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a eficiência da cabina do trator, de dois tipos de ponta de pulverização e de duas posições da barra do pulverizador montado em trator em aplicações de herbicidas na cultura de cana-de-açúcar, como medidas de proteção coletiva para a atividade de tratorista, separadamente ou combinadas; e classificar a segurança dessas condições de trabalho com as 46 recomendações de herbicidas registradas. As exposições dérmica e respiratória do tratorista foram quantificadas em aplicações com o pulverizador equipado com barra traseira ou central, associadas com pontas com indução de ar, modelo Turbo TeeJet Air Induction® (TTI-11004VP), e sem indução de ar, modelo Turbo Floodjet® (TF-VP3), e o trator sem e com cabina. Foram calculadas as margens de segurança (MS) para 46 recomendações de aplicação de herbicidas nessas condições de trabalho. Pelos valores de MS calculados, as condições de trabalho foram classificadas como seguras (MS > 1) ou inseguras (MS This work was carried out to evaluate the efficiency of the tractor cabin, two nozzle models and two bar positions of a tractor-mounted sprayer in herbicide applications on sugar cane crop as a collective protection measure for tractor driver activity, separately or combined; and to classify the safety of these working conditions according to the 46 recommendations of registered herbicides. The truck driver´ s skin and respiratory organ exposures were quantified in applications with the sprayer equipped with back or central bar, nozzles with air induction, Turbo TeeJet Air Induction® (TTI-11004VP) model and without air induction, Turbo Floodjet® (TF VP3) model, and tractor with and without cabin. The safety margins (SM) for 46 herbicide application recommendations under these work conditions were calculated. Based on the calculated MS values, the work conditions were classified as safe (SM e" 1) or unsafe (SM > 1). The safest work conditions for the tractor driver were when the sprayer was combined with the central bar, tractor cabin and TTI model nozzles. With sprayer with central bar without cabin, of the 46 herbicide recommendations, imazapyr, trifloxysulfuron-sodium, imazapic, glyphosate, amicarbazone, hexazinone, sulfentrazone, clomazone, oxadiazon, isoxaflutole, pendimethalin, flazasulfuron, tebuthiuron, ethoxysulfuron and acetoclor were considered safe for the truck driver. With cabin use, metribuzin and s-metalochlor applications were also considered safe. In the applications with back bar sprayer and without the cabin, of the 46 herbicide recommendations, imazapyr, trifloxysulfuron-sodium, imazapic, glyphosate, amicarbazone, hexazinone, sulfentrazone, clomazone, oxadiazon, isoxaflutole, pendimethalin, flazasulfuron and tebuthiuron were considered safe for the truck driver. When combined with the truck cabin, applications of etosyulfuron with TF nozzles and of metribuzin and s-metalochlor with TTI nozzles were also considered safe for the truck driver.
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