Studying the Changes in Physical Functioning and Oxidative Stress-Related Molecules in People Living with HIV after Switching from Triple to Dual Therapy
Jessica Cusato,
Anna Mulasso,
Micol Ferrara,
Alessandra Manca,
Miriam Antonucci,
Guido Accardo,
Alice Palermiti,
Gianluca Bianco,
Francesco Chiara,
Jacopo Mula,
Maria Grazia Maddalone,
Maria Cristina Tettoni,
Simone Cuomo,
Giulia Trevisan,
Stefano Bonora,
Giovanni Di Perri,
Corrado Lupo,
Alberto Rainoldi,
Antonio D’Avolio
Affiliations
Jessica Cusato
Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, 10149 Turin, Italy
Anna Mulasso
NeuroMuscolarFunction|Research Group, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10128 Turin, Italy
Micol Ferrara
ASL Città di Torino, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, 10149 Turin, Italy
Alessandra Manca
Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, 10149 Turin, Italy
Miriam Antonucci
ASL Città di Torino, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, 10149 Turin, Italy
Guido Accardo
Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, 10149 Turin, Italy
Alice Palermiti
Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, 10149 Turin, Italy
Gianluca Bianco
Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, 10149 Turin, Italy
Francesco Chiara
Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology S. Luigi A.O.U., Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole, Orbassano, 10043 Turin, Italy
Jacopo Mula
Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, 10149 Turin, Italy
Maria Grazia Maddalone
Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, 10149 Turin, Italy
Maria Cristina Tettoni
ASL Città di Torino, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, 10149 Turin, Italy
Simone Cuomo
NeuroMuscolarFunction|Research Group, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10128 Turin, Italy
Giulia Trevisan
Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, 10149 Turin, Italy
Stefano Bonora
Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, 10149 Turin, Italy
Giovanni Di Perri
Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, 10149 Turin, Italy
Corrado Lupo
NeuroMuscolarFunction|Research Group, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10128 Turin, Italy
Alberto Rainoldi
NeuroMuscolarFunction|Research Group, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10128 Turin, Italy
Antonio D’Avolio
Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, 10149 Turin, Italy
Background: Physical activity could increase the production of oxidative stress biomarkers, affecting the metabolism and excretion of antiretroviral drugs and, consequently, the clinical outcome. Nowadays, people living with HIV (PLWH) are mostly switching from triple to dual therapy, but no data are available in terms of physical functioning and oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate if some antioxidant biomarkers and physical functioning tests could be different according to triple or dual antiretroviral therapy. Methods: PLWH were evaluated at baseline (BL), while treated with three drugs, and six months after the switch to dual therapy. Physical functioning was quantified using validated tools. Mitochondrial and cytosol antioxidant molecules were evaluated through liquid chromatography. Results: Twenty-five patients were analyzed. A statistically significant difference between triple and dual therapy was found for mitochondrial glutathione, but not for physical tests. Evaluating differences between physically active and inactive individuals, the following statistically significant differences were suggested, considering triple therapy (mitochondrial n-formyl-methionine p = 0.022, triglycerides p = 0.023) and double therapy (mitochondrial glycine p = 0.035, cytosol glutamic acid p = 0.007, cytosol s-adenosylmethionine p = 0.021). Conclusions: For the first time, this study suggests possible differences in terms of antioxidant molecules and physical functioning in PLWH switching from triple to dual therapy.
