Al-Awqafs (Endowments) in Iraq during the First Abbasid Era " Awqaf (Endowments) for the Service of Pilgrims as a Model" (132-232AH/750-847AD)

Abstract

Abstract: This study deals with the issue of AL-waqf (endowment) in Iraq during the first Abbasid era, where it highlights the manifestations of endowment established by the caliphs of that era on the Iraqi pilgrimage route to achieve the comfort of pilgrims, i.e. pursuing the various facilities that were built on the path of rest points and centers that permeated the orbit of the pilgrimage route, such as palaces, mosques, houses, and water installations such as ponds, springs, wells, basins, and others. The importance of this study lies in the fact that it seeks to examine the nature of the imprint immortalized by each Abbasid caliph during the first era in an effort to support acts of charity directed to the benefit of pilgrims along the way, and to measure the level of effort they exerted in the path of diversifying the colors of the Alwqafs (endowments) and expanding its forms and multiple manifestations. It also aspires to determine the level of variation and the magnitude of the disparity in the effort exerted between the successors of the first era, and to touch the size of the difference in the levels of care of each of them. Keywords: Road, pilgrimage, caravans, Al-waqf, Iraq.