A rare presentation of OEIS complex in a spontaneous dizygotic twin pregnancy: A case report and literature review

Abstract

OEIS complex is a rare congenital malformation characterized by the presence of omphalocele, bladder exstrophy, anal imperforation, and spina bifida, with an unclear etiology thought to be multifactorial and heterogeneous. We report a case of OEIS complex in a spontaneous dizygotic twin pregnancy involving a 29-year-old gravida 2, para 1 woman. The condition was first suspected at 22 weeks of gestation during a detailed ultrasound, which revealed characteristic abnormalities, and was later confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showing omphalocele, bladder exstrophy, and spinal malformations. This case emphasizes the importance of prenatal imaging, particularly ultrasound and MRI, in the early detection of OEIS complex, as accurate prenatal diagnosis is crucial for effective counseling, optimizing perinatal management, and planning for postnatal reconstructive surgery.

Keywords

• Bladder exstrophy
• Fetal malformations
• Imperforate anus
• OEIS complex
• omphalocele
• Prenatal diagnosis