Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine (Oct 2023)

Age Group Differences in the Association Between Sleep Status and Frailty Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The SONIC Study

  • Toshiki Mizuno PT, MSc,
  • Kayo Godai RN, PhD,
  • Mai Kabayama PHN, PhD,
  • Hiroshi Akasaka MD, PhD,
  • Michiko Kido RN, MSN,
  • Masaaki Isaka PT, PhD,
  • Mio Kubo PHN, MSc,
  • Yasuyuki Gondo PhD,
  • Madoka Ogawa PhD,
  • Kazunori Ikebe DDS, PhD,
  • Yukie Masui PhD,
  • Yasumichi Arai MD, PhD,
  • Tatsuro Ishizaki MD, PhD,
  • Hiromi Rakugi MD, PhD,
  • Kei Kamide MD, PhD

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1177/23337214231205432
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 9

Abstract

Read online

Objective: We aimed to determine whether the association of sleep status with frailty differs between age groups of older adults. Method: This cross-sectional study was part of the observational Septuagenarians, Octogenarians, Nonagenarians Investigation with Centenarians (SONIC) study. Subjects were community-dwelling older adults in their 70s and 80s. Frailty was evaluated using the Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria (J-CHS). Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess sleep status. Poor sleep quality was defined as a PSQI global score ≥6. Sleep duration was categorized as short (8). We performed multivariable logistic regression to investigate the association between sleep status and frailty separately for each age group adjusted for multiple covariates. Results: In those in their 70s, long sleep duration and sleep medication use were independently associated with frailty. In those in their 80s, poor sleep quality was independently associated with frailty. Conclusions: The association between sleep status and frailty was different between age groups. The findings underscore the importance of incorporating the evaluation of sleep quantity and non-pharmacological therapies in those in their 70s and the evaluation of sleep quality in those in their 80s to help prevent the onset of frailty.