Effet anti-obésité des CLA : mythe ou réalité ?

Abstract

Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) are positional and geometric isomers of linoleic acid. Inclusion of CLA in the diet provokes a rapid and marked decrease in body weight gain and adiposity in mice leading to a lipoatrophic syndrome. However, CLA supplementation raised fasting blood glucose and insulin concentrations and was associated with severe insulin resistance and liversteatosis. Conflicting results have been reported with regard to reduction of fat mass in humans. We have reviewed the publish literature regarding the effect of CLA on body composition in humans and animal models. These studies indicate that t10-c12 was the isomer that reduced adipose fat storage, however it also increased insulin resistance and liver steatosis. Although significant benefit to humans from dietary CLA supplementation is questionable, it may create several health risks in both animals and humans. The potential mechanisms by which CLA inhibits lipid storage capacity in adipocytes are presented and discussed in this review.

Keywords

• obesity
• adipocyte
• lipogenesis
• lipoatrophic diabetes
• liver steatosis