A case of giant anastomosing hemangioma of the kidney with extramedullary hematopoiesis: A great mimicker

Abstract

Anastomosing hemangioma (AH) are rare mesenchymal neoplasms affecting kidney with about 50 cases reported in English literature. In general, they are accidentally detected during examination or imaging done for nonspecific symptoms or wellness check-up. There are no key diagnostic features on the imaging modalities. The most common preoperative diagnosis has been a malignant primary renal carcinoma. Surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment and of choice in symptomatic lesions. We are presenting a rare case of giant AH of the kidney mimicking a renal cell carcinoma on imaging. The lesions are characterized by anastomosing sinusoidal-like vascular spaces lined by banal endothelial cells with occasional hobnail morphology and associated with extramedullary hematopoiesis. The treatment of choice could be a conservative approach in small and asymptomatic lesions and patients with pre-existing renal dysfunction; hence, this entity should be in the differential of vascular renal neoplasms considering its proclivity to the urogenital tract. This is the first case in Indian literature to the best of our knowledge.

Keywords

• anastomosing
• benign
• hemangioma
• renal