Inspecting Candida Oral Infections among Diabetics

Abstract

Objective: Oral candidiasis infection is more prevalent in diabetic patients. There are numerous factors that can exacerbate the colonization of Candida species in the oral cavity, including salivary pH disorders and xerostomia. The study aimed to evaluate Candida spp. resistance to antifungal agents and compare their colonization levels in diabetics and nondiabetics oral cavities. Methods: We conducted the investigation from February 2023 to April 2023. We conducted the following analyses after collecting 100 oral samples: gram stain, culture on Sabaroud dextrose agar, and direct microscopic inspection. The Vitek 2 System confirmed the yeasts through carbohydrate assimilation profiles. Results: Out of 100 oral samples cultured, 69 yielded Candida species. Fifty-two samples were from diabetics and 17 were from nondiabetic patients. The frequencies of isolated Candida species, including C. albicans, were 28, C. tropicalis 17, C. krusei 16, C. glabrata 6, and C. dubliniensis 2. The results indicated that C. albicans exhibited higher resistance rates against clotrimazole, itraconazole, and voriconazole than the no albicans Candida species. Clotrimazole, itraconazole, and voriconazole, on the other hand, showed no effect on 11, 29, and 18 samples for all Candida species, respectively. Conclusion: C. albicans was the most prevalent Candida species in people with diabetes; however, other Candida species were common. Fluconazole and nystatin often treat oral Candida infections.

Keywords

• Diabetes mellitus
• Oral Candidiasis
• Antifungal
• Candida albicans
• Nystatin