Unveiling a rare case: cyclopia and its radiographic features in a non-descript primiparous heifer

Abstract

Cyclopia, an exceedingly rare congenital anomaly, presents intricate deformities affecting the skull, orbits, brain, and nasal cavity, often featuring a singular or partially divided eye within a solitary orbit. Despite medical advancements, the precise etiology of cyclopia remains elusive, with emerging evidence suggesting a potential association with chromosomal aberrations. Timely detection of cyclopia is crucial for effective management and can be facilitated through ultrasonographic techniques. This case report provides a comprehensive exploration of cyclopia, elucidating both gross and radiographic features. Gross examination of the affected fetus unveiled a dysmorphic face characterized by a centrally located single eye, atresia of the nasal conchae, and micrognathia, collectively indicative of cyclopia. Radiographic analysis further revealed a small, severely deformed head, emphasizing malformations in the maxilla and the notable absence of frontal, nasal, and incisive bones. Synthesizing gross and radiographic observations, this report enhances the existing knowledge on this rare congenital anomaly, contributing to a deeper understanding of its complexities for veterinary healthcare professionals and researchers. Such insights are essential for advancing effective management strategies and fostering ongoing research in the realm of veterinary medicine.

Keywords

• congenital anomaly
• cyclopia
• heifer
• holoprosencephaly
• radiograph