Microfluidic-Based Non-Invasive Wearable Biosensors for Real-Time Monitoring of Sweat Biomarkers
Seyedeh Rojin Shariati Pour,
Donato Calabria,
Afsaneh Emamiamin,
Elisa Lazzarini,
Andrea Pace,
Massimo Guardigli,
Martina Zangheri,
Mara Mirasoli
Affiliations
Seyedeh Rojin Shariati Pour
Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Tecnopolo di Rimini, Via Dario Campana 71, I-47922 Rimini, Italy
Donato Calabria
Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
Afsaneh Emamiamin
Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Tecnopolo di Rimini, Via Dario Campana 71, I-47922 Rimini, Italy
Elisa Lazzarini
Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
Andrea Pace
Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
Massimo Guardigli
Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
Martina Zangheri
Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Tecnopolo di Rimini, Via Dario Campana 71, I-47922 Rimini, Italy
Mara Mirasoli
Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Tecnopolo di Rimini, Via Dario Campana 71, I-47922 Rimini, Italy
Wearable biosensors are attracting great interest thanks to their high potential for providing clinical-diagnostic information in real time, exploiting non-invasive sampling of biofluids. In this context, sweat has been demonstrated to contain physiologically relevant biomarkers, even if it has not been exhaustively exploited till now. This biofluid has started to gain attention thanks to the applications offered by wearable biosensors, as it is easily collectable and can be used for continuous monitoring of some parameters. Several studies have reported electrochemical and optical biosensing strategies integrated with flexible, biocompatible, and innovative materials as platforms for biospecific recognition reactions. Furthermore, sampling systems as well as the transport of fluids by microfluidics have been implemented into portable and compact biosensors to improve the wearability of the overall analytical device. In this review, we report and discuss recent pioneering works about the development of sweat sensing technologies, focusing on opportunities and open issues that can be decisive for their applications in routine-personalized healthcare practices.
