Intensive Care Tactics for Reducing Gastrointestinal Bleeding in the Context of Portal Hypertension

Abstract

Introduction. Gastrointestinal bleeding is currently one of the most significant pathologies indicating lethality. Factors in the incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding include the spread of gastrointestinal diseases caused by eating disorders, Helicobacter Pylori infection and routine use of anticoagulants. The various causes leading to the development and level of bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract require a differentiated therapeutic approach. In addition to surgical haemostasis, pharmacological support is also required. In the article, we consider medicamentous therapeutic approaches to bleeding due to phlebeurysm, which is one of the most common causes of gastrointestinal bleeding. This problem is very relevant due to the spread of hepatitis and alimentary toxicity having cirrhosis as the outcome.Materials and methods. The review considers the priority methods for treatment of patients with gastrointestinal bleeding, depending on the etiopathogenetic factors.Conclusion. Adequate pharmacotherapy of bleeding from varicose veins of the esophagus is more important than surgical interventions, both for prevention and for haemostasis and subsequent control of the development of re-bleeding. Obviously, the use of vasoactive drugs improves the prognosis and effectiveness of endoscopic ligation of esophageal varicose veins, balloon tamponade, portosystemic shunting, and beta-blockers play a significant role in primary and secondary prevention.

Keywords

• кровотечения
• желудочно-кишечное кровотечение
• портальная гипертензия
• цирроз печени
• адренергические бета-антагонисты
• статины
• перевязка сосудов
• эндоскопия