Effects of fourteen essential minerals and vitamins on acute and chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis: a multivariate Mendelian randomization study

Abstract

Abstract Objective To investigate the causal relationship between minerals and vitamins and acute and chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis by Mendelian randomization. Methods We selected fourteen minerals and vitamins from the GWAS database and acute tubulointerstitial nephritis and chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis from the Finnish database. Minerals and vitamins were first analyzed by two-sample Mendelian randomization for acute and chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis. The effects of minerals and vitamins on common acute and chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis were further explored by multivariate Mendelian randomization. Results among fourteen minerals and vitamins by two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis, there was genetic causality for vitamin B6 and vitamin D on acute tubulointerstitial nephritis, and the results were vitamin B6 (β = -0.641; P = 0.049; OR = 0.527; 95% CI: 0.278–0.998); vitamin D (β = -3.165; P = 0.040; OR = 0.042; 95% CI: 0.002–0.861). Fourteen minerals and vitamins were not genetically causally associated with chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis. The presence of vitamin B6 was then analyzed by a multivariate Mendelian randomization study to independently affect acute tubulointerstitial nephritis and showed a negative correlation (P = 0.010; 95% CI: 0.021–0.159). Conclusion We genetically predicted the possible influence of minerals and vitamins on acute and chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis. Vitamin B6 deficiency in vivo was found to adversely affect acute and chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis. This suggests that we pay clinical attention to the different effects that nutrients such as minerals and vitamins bring to acute and chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis. Clinical trial number Not applicable.

Keywords

• Minerals
• Vitamins
• Tubulointerstitial nephritis
• Mendelian randomization