Scientific Reports (Aug 2023)

Sex differences in effect of patients-centered intervention on blood pressure in patients with hypertension

  • Hyun-Sun Kim,
  • Hyun-Jin Kim

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-41286-z
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 13, no. 1
pp. 1 – 10

Abstract

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Abstract Hypertension exhibits sex-related differences in its causes, symptoms, and complications. In this study, we aimed to confirm the efficacy of hypertension intervention by applying a patient-centered approach based on sex differences. We enrolled 95 hypertensive patients in this prospective quasi-experimental pretest–posttest study. The patient-centered lifestyle intervention included penalized nutrition and exercise education in 30-min one-on-one sessions. Before the intervention, we conducted a pretest to evaluate physical examination, behavioral status, quality of life (QoL), blood pressure (BP) measurements, and routine blood tests. The same evaluations were conducted again in a posttest after 3 months. After 3 months of patient-centered intervention, all patients showed a decrease in systolic BP by 2.87 mmHg and diastolic BP by 1.04 mmHg. However, there was no significant difference in BP between men and women after the 3-month follow-up. There were differences in lipid profiles based on sex, with total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels decreasing in men and increasing in women. Behavioral and QoL scores improved after the intervention; however, there was no significant difference based on sex. A patient-centered lifestyle intervention for hypertensive patients can effectively lower BP, and sex-specific risk factors affecting its efficacy have been identified.