Lipid profile after switching from TDF (tenofovir disoproxil)-containing to TAF (tenofovir alafenamide)-containing regimen in virologically suppressed people living with HIV

Abstract

Background. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) or its prodrug tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF) are currently being recommended in treatment of HIV infection. Distinct pharmacological properties of these two forms of a this drug make TAF treatment less nephrotoxic and lead to better impact on bone density. Nevertheless, there is a rising concern about possible metabolic adverse effects of TAF. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects on the lipid profile among ART (antiretroviral therapy)-experienced patients switching from TDF‑containing to TAF‑containing regimen in the first year after the switch. Methods. Demographic and clinical data of HIV‑positive ART‑experienced patients treated in infectious diseases department was retrospectively collected. Changes of lipid profile with regards to baseline BMI, age and time of ART duration were analyzed. Results. In the group of 36 patients there was a significant increase in total cholesterol levels (+18.43 mg/dl, SD = 23.86 mg/dl, p < 0.0001) and LDL levels (+13.75 mg/dl SD = 23.05 mg/dl, p = 0.001) in first 12 months after switching from TDF‑containing to TAF‑containing regimen. There were no statistically significant changes in both HDL and TG levels observed. Analysis of total cholesterol and LDL levels in certain subpopulations revealed a significant increase within first year after the switch in patients younger than 40 years old and in those whose BMI was within normal range. Conclusions. Presented data suggests that switching from TDF to TAF in ART‑experienced patients may be associated with worsening lipid parameters. Early detection and management of dyslipidemias among HIV‑positive patients are needed.

Keywords

• antiretroviral therapy
• tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
• tenofovir alafenamide
• lipids
• cholesterol
• low-density lipoproteins