3-year survival rate in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: comparison of ALL-2006 and ALL-2013 Protocols

Abstract

Background With advances in supportive and risk-stratified therapy, the 5-year survival rate of acute lymphoblastic leukemia has reached 85.5%. The ALL-2006 treatment protocol was modified and renamed the ALL-2013 protocol, with dose and duration changes. Objective To compare outcomes of the ALL-2006 and ALL-2013 protocols, with regards to mortality, remission, relapse, and three-year survival rates. Methods This was retrospective cohort study. Subjects were acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients treated from 2011 to 2018 in Mohamad Hoesin Hospital, Palembang, South Sumatera. The three-year survival rates, relapse, remission rates and comparison of ALL-2006 and ALL-2013 protocols were analyzed with Kaplan-Meier method. Results Mortality was significantly correlated with age at diagnosis 10 years, hyperleukocytosis, and high-risk disease status. Patients aged 1 to 10 years, with leukocyte count 0.05). Relapse was also not significantly different between the two groups (ALL-2006: 29.4% vs. ALL-2013: 17.9%; P>0.05). Probability of death in the ALL-2006 group was 0.3 times lower than in the ALL-2013 group (P10 years, hyperleukocytosis, and high-risk group are significantly correlated with higher mortality and lower remission rates. However, these three factors are not significantly different in terms of relapse.

Keywords

• prognostic factors
• survival
• all-2006 protocol
• all-2013 protocol
• acute lymphoblastic leukemia