Comparison of combination of ketamine hydrochloride and propofol with fentanyl citrate and propofol for patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

Abstract

Background: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a lengthy diagnostic/therapeutic procedure performed for various pancreatic-biliary disorders often involving high-risk patients. The aim of our study is to compare the ketamine hydrochloride and fentanyl citrate with propofol for patients undergoing ERCP. Patients and Methods: In this prospective randomized study, 100 consenting patients undergoing ERCP were randomly allocated into two groups of 50 each: Group PK received ketamine 1 mg/kg and Group PF received fentanyl 1 mcg/kg. Sedation (based on the Ramsay Sedation Score), blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), recovery time, total propofol consumed, quality of analgesia, endoscopist and patient's satisfaction score, and various complications were recorded. Results: The sedative and analgesic effects did not differ among both the groups. The mean HR in the PK Group was higher than Group PF. The decrease in the mean arterial BP was much more in the PF Group. SpO2did not differ in both the groups. Total propofol consumption was higher in PF Group than PK. Moreover, the recovery time was longer in the PK Group compared to Group PF. Patients' and endoscopists' satisfaction score showed no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: We concluded that ketamine and fentanyl are equally efficacious with propofol for sedation in patients undergoing ERCP. Recovery time was shorter in the propofol-fentanyl regimen compared to the propofol-ketamine regimen.

Keywords

• endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
• fentanyl
• ketamine
• propofol
• satisfaction
• sedation