Differential diagnosis (occlusion and unocclusal kind) of complicated and diffuse diabetic macular edema with optical coherence tomography method in patients with diabetes type II

Abstract

Introduction. Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a common manifestation of diabetic retinopathy and an important cause of visual impairment in people with diabetes. DME is the most common cause of decreased vision in patients with diabetes. It can accompany any stage of the disease and occurs on average 10% of patients with diabetes. In this case, due to structural changes in the endothelium of retinal vessels violation of the retinal barrier increased permeability of blood vessels wall and fluid accumulation in the intercellular space retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a method of diagnostic morphological structure of the retina and allows high precision of the DME diagnose, assess the severity and observe the dynamics. Materials and methods. During the work general ophthalmic examination, OCT, PAH and immunological studies were performed in all patients. Total 64 patients (128 eyes), including 28 women (43.8%) and 36 men (56.3%), whose average age was '58 (SD 10), 24 to 78 years with diabetes type II diabetic macular edema of various kinds took part in the study. Diffuse (occlusal and unocclusal kind ) and complicated (occlusal and unocclusal ) DME were studied. Diffuse occlusal DME was diagnosed in 33 cases, diffuse unocclusal DME – in 35 cases, complicated occlusal DME - in 28 cases, complicated unocclusal DME - in 32. Statistical analysis was performed in the program MedCalc 9.0. Results and Discussion: In this clinical study there is a clear pattern between the type and the presence of DME. Conclusions: We can talk about the use of the criterion of the presence or absence of RPE detachment to differentiate species (occlusion or unocclusual) diffuse and complicated DME in patients with diabetes type II.

Keywords

• diabetic macular edema
• OCT