Durbe-Mausoleums of the Ancient City of Solkhat (13th-18th Centuries) According to the Study Materials of Starokrymskaya Archeological Expedition by the State Hermitage Museum

Abstract

The paper presents the results of many years of archaeological studies of the ancient settlement of Solkhat (13th–18th centuries) by the Starokrymskaya archaeological expedition of the State Hermitage Museum. Details of the architectural features and chronology of these objects are provided, based on a comprehensive analysis of materials from excavations of the Golden Horde mausoleums of the city of Stary Krym. Four durbes, the study of which has presently been completed, have preserved in the territory of the ancient settlement. These are mausoleums No. 1, No. 2, Durbe of Inji-bek Khatun and mausoleum No. 3. An attempt is made to publish detailed materials from the excavations of mausoleums No. 1 and 2, their architectural features, burial complexes, etc. The Durbe of Inji-bek Khatun and Mausoleum No. 3 are briefly described, as detailed publications related to these objects have already been provided. It has been determined that Mausoleum No. 1, located on the pre-portal square of the Uzbek mosque, can be dated to the 15th–16th centuries and was built on a previously inhabited territory. Presumably, the construction of the mausoleum is connected with the nearby complex of the Uzbek madrasah-mosque and the surrounding Muslim necropolis. Mausoleum No. 2 is located on the northern outskirts of the settlement, on the spur of the Malyi Agarmysh mountain. It dates back to the 1350s–1360s.

Keywords

• archaeology
• golden horde
• crimea
• solkhat
• madrasah-mosque of uzbek
• mausoleum
• durbe
• muslim archaeology
• muslim culture
• architectural archaeology