Timing and Modality of Hemorrhoidal Prolapse Impact on Patients’ Quality of Life

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to assess whether the frequency and presentation modality of hemorrhoidal prolapse may have an impact on patients’ quality of life, leading to a different categorization of patients. Methods: A consecutive series of patients affected by primary hemorrhoidal disease were administered specific questionnaires to assess the severity of symptoms and their quality of life. The frequency/modality of prolapse was also assessed, and the classification of the patients into five categories was hypothesized. The severity of disease was assessed using a validated patient-reported score, while the health-related quality of life was evaluated with the Short Health Scale for hemorrhoidal disease. Results: A total of 122 patients were enrolled. The evaluation of the prolapse modality led to the following classification: type I, 5 patients (4.1%); type II, 9 (7.4%), type IIIa, 48 (39.3%); type IIIb, 52 (42.6%); and type IV, 8 (6.6%). The mean total hemorrhoidal disease score was 9.8 ± 3.3, while the mean total Short Health Scale score was 18.6 ± 5.2. Both scores progressively increased in the five types of prolapse identified, thus showing a worsening of symptoms and quality of life related to the increase in the frequency and modality of prolapse. The assessment of the quality of life showed that all four domains of the Short Health Scale score and the total score were significantly worse in group IIIb compared to IIIa. Conclusions: The frequency and modality of hemorrhoidal prolapse has an impact on the quality of life and allows the identification of new types of patients.

Keywords

• hemorrhoidal prolapse
• quality of life
• symptoms